How does Prakriti Evolve into Matter as per Samkhya? Man has been striving to understand the nature of matter, which forms each element of the world, since times immemorial. Some twenty-three centuries ago, the Greek philosopher Democritus wrote, “sweet and bitter, cold and warm as well as the colors – all these things exist but …
Samkhya karika 33, Ten External Senses are Objects of Three Internal Senses Antah-karanam trividham dashadha baahyam trayasya vishayaakhyam | Saampratakaalam baahyam trikaalam aabhyantaram karanam || Antah-karnam – internal sense organs Trividham – three fold Dashadha – ten fold Baahyam – external Trayasya – of the three Vishaya – objects Akhyam – called Saampratakaalam – at …
Samkhya Karika 32, Sense Organs 13, Their Objects 10 Karanam trayodashvidham tad aaharana dharana prakashkaram I Kaaryam ch tasya dashadhaa aahaaryam dhaaryam prakashyam ch II Karanam – the sense organs Trayodashvidham – of thirteen kinds Tad – that Aaharana – to Apprehend, or knowing Dharana – sustaining, holding, concentrating Prakash – illuminating Karam – does, …
Samkhya Karika 31, Sense faculties function for the Purusha Svaam svaam pratipadyante paraspara-akuta-hetukaam vrttim | Purushaartha eva heturna kenachit kaaryate karanam || Svaam – their own Pratipadyante – enter into Paraspara-akuta-hetukaam – the cause is reciprocal Vrttim – functions Purushaartha – the purpose is for the Purusha Eva – only Hetu – reason Na – …
Samkhya Karika 30, Four Organs Perceive Simultaneously, Successively Yugapach chatush tayasya tu vrittih kramashashcha tasya nirdishtaa I Drishte tathapyadrishte trayasya tat poorvika vrittih || Yugapach – simultaneously Chatush tayasya – foursome Tu – but Vrittih – functions Kramashah – in sequence, in succession Cha – and Tasya – also of Nirdishtaa – found, are so …
Samkhya Karika 29, Prana & Three internal faculties form personality Svaalakshanyam vrittih trayasya saishaa bhavatya saamaanyaa | Saamaanya karana vrittih praanaadhyaa vaayavah pancha || Svaalakshanyam – self nature, essential characteristics Vrittih – modifications, functions Trayasya – of the three Sa – with, the same Ishaa – this Bhavaty – so happens, is Asaamaanyaa – unique, …
Samkhya Karika 28, Functions of Jnanendriyas and Karmendriyas Rupaadishu panchaanaam aalochanamaatram isyate vrittih | Vachana adaana viharana utsarga aanandashcha panchaanaam || Rupaadishu – with respect to sound, form (rupa) and others Panchaanaam – the five senses Aalochanamaatram – just knowing, observation Isyate – is considered Vrittih – their respective funtions Vachana – speech Adaana – …
Samkhya Karika 27, Mind Exhibits the nature of Jnanedriyas and Karmendriyas Ubhayaatmakamatra manah sankalpakam-indriyam cha saadharmyaat | Guna-parinaama-visheshaan naanaatvam baahya bhedaah cha || Ubhayaatmakam – possesses the nature of both (mind) Atra – from among these (sense organs) Manah – the mind Sankalpam – understanding, determination Indriyam – still it is a sense organ Cha …
Samkhya Karika 26, Jnanedriyas, Karmendriyas evolve from Sattvik Ahamkara Buddhi indriyani caksuh srotram grahana rasana tvak akhyani | Vak pani pada payu upasthah karmendriyani ahuh || Buddhi indriyani – senses of perception, Jnanendriyas Caksuh – eyes Srotram – ears Grahana – nose Rasana – tongue Tvak – skin Akhyani – are known as Vak – …
Samkhya Karika 25, Rajas guna fuels the Evolution of Prakriti Sattvikah ekadasakah pravartate vaikrtad ahamkarat | Bhutadeh tanmatrah sa tamasah taijasad ubhayam || Sattvikah – sattvika Ekadasakah – eleven Pravartate – evolve, emerge Vaikrtad Ahamkarat – evolution from the sattvic aspect of Ahamkara Bhutadeh – elements from the tamasic aspect Tanmatrah – subtle form of …
